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The subsurface of Temple Mount, Jerusalem

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The subterranean part of the Temple Mount in Jerusalem contains a lot of acheological information mirroring its intensive use during many ce...

The fall of Muslim Jerusalem to the Muslims 1098

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In the Crusader story, a strange event just prior to the conquest of Jerusalem by the Crusader army in July 1099, seems to be scarcely menti...

Making the Crusades possible - craft, trade and organisation

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The agricultural revolution described in an earlier blog resulted in a change in the land use that allowed the subsistence farmer to go with...

Genetic Admixture from the Crusaders in the Near East

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"During the medieval period, hundreds of thousands of Europeans migrated to the Near East to take part in the Crusades, and many of the...

Templar churches and chapels

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According to some authors the religious Templar churches and chapels were built in a way specific to the Order and arranged for the exercise...

Making the Crusades possible - the agricultural revolution

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A series of revolutions in economic and political life transformed Northern Europe. Technology (tools) drove the process, and it was the ent...

Crusading for the sake of commerce - the Genoa case

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" There were another body of crusaders, outside the knightly class, to whom it is worth turning in any discussion of the economic gains...

March 18, 2019, the 705th anniversary of the death of Jacques de Molay

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On March 18, 2019 we commemorate the 705th anniversary of the death of the last official Grand Master of the Knights Templar, Jacques de Mol...

Number of participants of the First Crusade

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" The most thorough discussion of the number of combatants on the First Crusade is that offered by John France and this study cannot im...