Urban's call to crusade - November 27, 1095 - the full text

On November 27, 1095, Pope Urban II delivered his speech at Clermont Ferrand, aimed at arrousing the people to start an armed pilgrimage to deliver the Holy Land from the hands of the "pagans", a pilgirmage that later became known as the First Crusade. Of this speech several quite different versions have been delivered to our time by primary sources. Below are the version of Fulcher of Chartres and the one of Robert the Monk. 

Unmasking the Legal Invalidity of the Knights Templar Dissolution

The dissolution of the Knights Templar in 1312 has long been shrouded in controversy. New research conducted by Sophie Kirchgasser, presented in her dissertation at the Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, sheds groundbreaking light on the bull Vox in Excelso, issued March 22, 1312 (alternatively sometimes April 3, 1312 is mentioned) and traditionally viewed as the legal instrument behind the Order's disbandment. Meticulous historical and legal analysis reveals that the dissolution was never formally or legally enacted, casting doubt on centuries of ecclesiastical and historical interpretation. What are the facts?

On Templar links to the cult of Mary Magdalene

An earlier blog on the medieval cult of Mary Magdalene concluded that this cult in the 11th to 14th century seems to have been more coinciding with the development of the Cistercian Order than being a product of the latter, both resonating on the same principles of penitence, devotion and contemplation. The Knights Templar held the same core values, which inspired them in their religious, socio-economic and military roles. Is there proof of a special Templar relationship with the Mary Magdalene cult?

Monastic developments in 11th to 13th century religious Western Europe

The onset of the Cistercian and Templar Orders was defined to a great extent by the changing historical context of  in 11th to 13th century religious Western Europe. What were the main aspects?