The Templar headquarters at Jerusalem in Crusader times
Cistercians in the medieval Holy Land - a slow and limited start
The novel lifestyle of medieval Cistercians - more labour, less liturgy
November 27, 1095 - Urban's call to crusade - the full text
The Templar trials - more than one
It is often thought that the Templar trial in France, which commenced after the arrest of many Templars on October 13, 1307, was a single trial, carried out by either King Philip the Fair of France or the Pope. The latter being the one who had the sole jurisdiction on the Order of the Temple and its member. In reality, their were several investigations which succeeded each other in time, one secular and several ecclesiastical.
Templar activities in the city of Jerusalem
France, fall 1307: Templar arrests, interrogations, confessions and royal-papal power struggle
The true motifs behind the Templar arrests, October 13, 1307
As argued earlier, financial affairs, often suggested as the major trigger for the arrests, can only be a marginal reason for conflict between the Templars and the King of France. Alternatively, rumors against the Order of the Temple were. Rumors that led to the request of Jacques de Molay, Grand Master of the Temple, to Pope Clement V to open an investigation into the charges weighing on the order. In a letter to the King of France dated August 24, 1307 the Pope granted this request.
The run-up to the Templars' arrest, October 13, 1307
Medieval fairs - birth ground of multinational enterprise
Templar and Hospitaller commanderies and the world of trade and crafts
Services by the military Orders to Western monarchial powers
The issue of military orders in the service of Western monarchies is a vast, important and still little studied theme. Kirstjan Toomaspoeg elaborates on few main issues. In this blog we focus on the services the Military Orders provided to the Western princess.
Templars and Hospitallers as urban landlords
"Although the strictly managerial documentation of the local commanderies sheds little light on this aspect, the economy of the military orders were essentially geared towards the needs of the Holy Land. The military orders therefore developed a profit-oriented economy based on the direct exploitation of agricultural and livestock resources, on land rents and on control of certain exchange and production activities." However, they also held urban properties. Some facts on the military Orders as urban landlords.
Rural, urban and trade development in 11th century NW Europe - setting the medieval stage
Building the gothic cathedrals: motor of an industrial and educational revolution
The real estate agents of the Knights Templar
The stables of King Solomon at Jerusalem
Commemoration of the 709th anniversary of the death of Jacques de Molay
De Molay, born between 1244-1249, was put to death in Paris by the King of France. He was the 23rd and last Grand Master of the Knights Templar although at the time he was simply indicated as the Master from Outremer. He lead the Order from April 20, 1292 until it was dissolved by order of Pope Clement V in 1307. What is known of his last moments?
A new Scottish version of the Templar Rule - fact or fake?
News on a new version of the Rule, especially one supposed to be written by a Scotsman, deserves some attention. Therefore Templars Now performed a quick scan on a Facebook post (consulted February 11, 2023) that goes as follows: "A unique 12th Century Scottish Version of the Knights Templar Latin Rule. Its title is called, 'Regula Pauperum Commilitonum Christi Templique Salommonci.' It was written by Johannes Michaelensis, a resident of Albanensis, Alba (Scotland)." An intriguing post that triggered a TN quick scan. The results.
Building Chartres Cathedral - a laboratory with Templates, String, and Geometry
"The construction of the Gothic cathedrals, such as Chartres, poses a number of questions. As a consequence of their presuppositions about distinctions between science and technology and the nature of theory and practice, many authors answer these questions in a way that makes the process seem mysterious and radically different from "modern" construction and design. What are the facts?
Disease in the Near East during crusader times
"The study of disease in the past, termed paleopathology, can involve the analysis of human skeletal remains, mummies, latrine soil, artwork, excavated medical equipment and written texts. In the areas of the Near East where the crusades took place from 1099-1291, the human skeletal remains and latrines at a number of sites have been studied for evidence of disease." What were the findings?
Papal bulls on Templar matters
- Omne Datum Optimum (1139)
- Milites Templi (1144)
- Militia Dei (1145)
- Pastoralis Praeeminentiae (1307)
- Faciens Misericordiam (1308)
- Ad Providam (1312)
- Vox In Excelso (1312)
Diego Wesley Nogueira provides no sources, so the validity of the lists cannot be verified. However, the sheer length of the lists suggests ample research. Thus further distribution of the lists is thought justified as the data might be of interest to specialised researchers who can confirm of falsify the suggestion of their comprehensiveness.
The three complete lists, published in Portugese on Facebook on different dates, are presented below in their automatically generated English translation, as provided bij Facebook. Obviously the automatic translation contains errors but is presented here as is. The original posts in Portugese can be reached following the links provided. TemplarsNow fully acknowledges the work of Diego Wesley Nogueira and only republishes in order to promote further distribution of these interesting lists.
The Templar house at Feuilloux - a commandery for sale
Chartres' gothic Cathedral - a product of knowledge, cooperation and devotion
Pre-Templar churches and cathedrals in Chartres
January 13 - 894 Years Knights Templar Rule - 1129-2023
The original Latin Rule, from the Council of Troyes, was actually written by the council’s scribe, John Michael, though the credit for its contents goes to Bernard; ‘At the very least he must have been a major influence on the framing of the Latin Rule, for it is clear that the later Templars valued their Cistercian links above all’.
The structure of the text is strikingly similar to that of ‘Carta Caritatis’, the Cistercian Rule dating from 1119, and the Rule of St Benedict (ca 500 CE), which implies a replication of Cistercian organisation and values. What is very interesting to note is that it was at the Council of Troyes that the Knights Templar came to follow the Rule of St Benedict. Until the time of the 1129 Council, the Templars had been following the Rule of St. Augustine, common in the Orient.
The 1129 Rule itself describes procedures that the Templar brothers should adhere to on a day-to-day basis. The description of procedures -in particular clause three, which relate to clothing- resonates the tone of both the Cistercian ‘Charter of Charity’ and also the Rule of St Benedict. In fact much of the Rule appears to have strong monastic overtones, rather than a military aspect and the detail that is given to food and drink is very similar to that of the Cistercians.
The Templar Rule did not see its completion in 1129, but rather its launch.
After 1129 the Rule as it is known today evolved over almost 150 years. During
this timespan the Rule expanded from the original 76 clauses to a complex of independant sections, totalling 686 clauses. This expansion is dealt with in another blog.
Buy your own Rule here. For the original Latin Rule in French visit templiers.org.free.fr
This blog is in part based on the thesis by Lori Firth, Hull University (2012): "A Comparison of the Cistercian and Knights Templar Orders, And the Personal Influence of Bernard of Clairvaux", to be found here
The Primitive Rule in English is quoted below in its entirety. Source: www.templiers.org
Chartres cathedral and the Templars
Undoubtedly the Templars were awed and inspired by the huge religious building projects of their days, such as Chartres Cathedral. But did they initiate, lead and/or support that build as is suggested in some literature? The facts.