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Muslim science and technology in de Middle Ages

The crusades brought the European elite in contact not only with muslim warfare technology, but also with muslim science. What did the "Franks" encounter?

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Welcome at TemplarsNow™, the no-nonsense site on the historical and present day Knights Templar and Cistercians in western continental Europe and the Levant.

Separating facts from fiction. Debunking myths.

11th to 14th century history is considered especially relevant, also for the present.

The author of TemplarsNow™ also publishes full scholarly papers on the themes of this blog. See his publications on ORCID.

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This site uses material following the rules of "Fair Use" explained in the Contact footnote.

Templar Key Information

The Rule of St Benedict c. 500 CE, starting point for the rule of the Cistercian Order, which was the monastic mother of the Order of the Knights Templar

Charta Caritatis c. 1119 CE, rule of the Cistercian Order, originally written by Stephan Harding, 3rd abbot of the first Cistercian Abbey at Citeaux, France. The Charter in other languages is to be found here

Primitive Rule of the Knights Templar c. 1129 CE, by Bernard de Clairvaux, abbot of the Cistercian Clairvaux Abbey, France, presented by him at the Council of Troyes, and accepted there after which the Order was officially endorsed by the Church.

In Praise of the New Knighthood c. 1136 CE, by Bernard de Clairvaux, in support of the juvenile Order of the Knights Templar. The complete text of this work (all 13 chapters in French) can be found here

Rule of the Order of St John (Hospitallers) by blessed Raymond de Puy (1120-1160)

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Muslim science and technology in de Middle Ages

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