The Fall of Ruad (Arwad) Island on 29 September 1302: The Last Templar Bridgehead Lost

By 1302 the Crusader enterprise in the Levant had reached its terminal phase. The Fall of Ruad (Arwad) on 29 September 1302 represented not only a military defeat, but also a symbolic and institutional turning point, particularly for the Knights Templar. The struggle over Ruad, an islet about 3 km off the Syrian coast near Tortosa, offers a concentrated case study of late Crusader strategy, the limitations of cross-cultural alliances (notably with the Mongols), and the final role of the military orders. 

Crusaders and Mongols - friends or foes?

In popular Templar literature from time to time publications suggest that there were friendly relationships between the Mongols and the Crusader Christians. Some sources even propose that Jacques de Molay, the last Templar Grand Master was a Mongol warlord. What are the facts?

Jacques de Molay: the last Templar Grand Master and Mongol warlord?

The sudden arrest of the Templars (in 1307, TN), the conflicting stories about confessions, and the dramatic deaths by burning, generated many stories and legends about both the Order and its last Grand Master. One suggested that De Molay wanted to join forces with the Mongols. True or false?